Warp

Vertical threads held under tension on the loom. The weft passes through them horizontally.

Warp refers to the vertical (lengthwise) threads in woven fabric. These are the threads held under tension on the loom, through which the weft threads are woven horizontally.

In Weaving

The basic weaving process:

  1. Warp threads are stretched on the loom (vertical)
  2. Weft threads are passed through (horizontal)
  3. The interlacing creates fabric

Warp threads must be stronger because they're held under tension during weaving.

In Towels

Towel warp threads form the foundation of the fabric. The pile (loops) are created by additional warp threads that are deliberately left loose to form the terry surface.

Warp vs Weft

Warp Weft
Vertical Horizontal
Under tension Inserted through
Runs lengthwise Runs widthwise
Must be stronger Can be softer